Reintroduce overhauled stalled stream protection and upload support

This commit unreverts 27834ae2 (#3485).
Original commit message:

Overhaul stalled stream protection and add upload support (#3485)

This PR overhauls the existing stalled stream protection with a new
algorithm, and also adds support for minimum throughput on upload
streams. The new algorithm adds support for differentiating between the
user or the server causing the stall, and not timing out if it's the
user causing the stall. This will fix timeout issues when a customer
makes remote service calls in between streaming pieces of information.